Where is t12 disc

Two of these three patients had bilateral drop foot, and one patient had unilateral drop foot; sensory disturbance was noted in the sole or foot and around the circumference of the anus, and the patellar tendon reflex and Achilles tendon reflex were absent. All six patients with L1-L2 disc herniation showed severe thigh pain and sensory disturbance at the anterior aspect or lateral aspect of the thigh. On the other hand, there were no clear signs of lower extremity weakness, muscle atrophy, deep tendon reflex, or bowel and bladder dysfunction in these patients.

Weakness in the quadriceps was noted in five patients and weakness in the tibialis anterior in two patients. Decreased or absence of patellar tendon reflex was observed in nine patients. Five patients had positive straight leg raising test results, and eight patients showed positive femoral nerve stretch test results. Thank you. You can rate this topic again in 12 months. She denies any bladder or bowel issues. Cervical MRI is unremarkable.

What is the next most appropriate step in management? Magnetic-resonance-imaging is shown in Figure A. What is the most appropriate first line of treatment? He denies night sweats, fevers, or weight loss. He localizes his symptoms to a dermatomal distribution along the rib cage on the right. On physical exam he has mild paraspinal tenderness, normal patellar reflexes, normal muscle strength in his lower extremities, and a normal gait exam. What is the most appropriate first step in management?

CT of chest, abdomen, and pelvis followed by a CT guided biopsy of the spinal lesion. What is the most likely complication following surgery? Thoracic Disc Herniation. Derek W. It includes twelve vertebrae named T1 through T Each thoracic spinal nerve is named for the vertebra above it. For example, the T3 nerve root runs between the T3 vertebra and T4 vertebra. There are 12 thoracic spinal nerve root pairs two at each thoracic vertebral level , starting at vertebral level T1-T2 and going down to TL1.

Each thoracic nerve root exits the spinal canal through a bony hole, called an intervertebral foramen. This bony hole is formed by two adjacent vertebrae, and its size and shape can slightly shift as the vertebrae move.

See Vertebrae in the Vertebral Column. After branching from the spinal cord and traveling through the foramen, a thoracic nerve root branches into two different nerve bundles that feed into the nerves at the front ventral ramus and back dorsal ramus of the body. At the T1 through T11 levels, the ventral ramus eventually becomes an intercostal nerve that travels along the same path as the ribs specifically between the innermost and internal intercostal muscles that connect adjacent ribs.

At T12, the ventral ramus becomes a subcostal nerve that travels beneath the twelfth rib. At T1 through T12, the dorsal ramus goes into the back muscles and also provides sensation to the skin.